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Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, describes the gradual loss of kidney function. Your kidneys filter wastes and excess fluids from your blood, which are then excreted in your urine. When chronic kidney disease reaches an advanced stage, dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes and wastes can build up in your body.
Kidney diseases occur when the nephrons are damaged and cannot filter the blood. The damage can happen quickly, such as when it is caused by injury or toxins. However, most damage occurs over a period. High blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes are the 2 most common causes of the progressive type of damage to the nephrons and the resulting kidney failure. In the early stages of chronic kidney disease, you may have few signs or symptoms. Chronic kidney disease may not become apparent until your kidney function is significantly impaired.
Treatment for chronic kidney disease focuses on slowing the progression of the kidney damage, usually by controlling the underlying cause. Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage kidney failure, which is fatal without artificial filtering (dialysis) or a kidney transplant.
When your kidneys are damaged, they may let protein leak into your urine. This can be one of the earliest signs of kidney disease. To check for protein in your urine (called proteinuria), your doctor may suggest a urine test as the preliminary screening. Further blood test will be required to assist in diagnosis and treatment.
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